GC-MS Analysis of Ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry leaves

Sreelakshmi. K. P¹*, Sapna Shrikumar²

¹M.Pharm Student, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Nehru College of Pharmacy,

Pampady, Thiruvilwamala, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

²Dean Academics, Research and Placement, Head of Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,

Nehru College of Pharmacy, Pampady, Thiruvilwamala, Thrissur, Kerala, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: sreelakshmisreelakshmikp3288@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

The intention of the existing look at is to investigate the bioactive phytochemical ingredients present in the leaves of ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry by GC-MS. The look at which done the dried and coarsely powdered leaves have been extracted the usage of solvent ethyl acetate for five hours through soxhlet extraction method. By the usage of GC-MS, presence of diverse phytochemical constituent in ethyl extract of Mansoa alliacea to be analyzed. Totally five chemical ingredients have been recognized. Among those 5 compounds detected from ethyl acetate extract are Neophytadiene (1.89%), Phytol (29.30%), Phytol acetate (3.54%), Squalene (59.58%) and dl-alpha-Tocopherol (5.69%) and organosulphur compounds have been recognized as therapeutically lively components. The received phytochemical ingredients have been recognized as doubtlessly lively and may be used for the remedy of diverse diseases. Constituents assisting nutritive value have been additionally recognized.

KEYWORDS: Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry, ajo-sacha, GC-MS analysis, Retention Time, National Institute of Standard and Technology 11.

INTRODUCTION:

Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A. H. Gentry, a member of the Bignoniaceae family, is also known as 'garlic vine' or 'false garlic.' It is a native plant utilized by Amazonian Indigenous Indian tribes and has high ancestral value for local populations. It is also employed in traditional medicine due to the presence of numerous compounds with significant pharmacological characteristics¹. It's mostly found in Brazil's dry and wet forests, as well as Argentina and southern Mexico.

When the leaves are crushed, they emit a powerful garlic odour and flavor, but if the plant is left alone, it does not². Mansoa alliacea leaves are used as a seasoning and spice by locals in the Amazon rainforest. Salads, sandwiches, and other foods have been enhanced with the addition of fresh young and delicate leaves and stems. Fresh and dried leaves, crushed or powdered, can be used as a garlic alternative in cooking³. This garlic creeper is exceptionally strong and floriferous, blooming multiple times per year. This plant is commonly grown as a decorative and as an indoor pot plant⁴. Mansoa alliacea is widely used in folk medicine to treat a variety of maladies, including colds, as a fertility aid, and as a mosquito and snake repellent. It is regularly added to baths to cure feverish conditions, flu, body pains, cramps, and weariness. Diallyl disulphide, diallyl trisulphide, alliin, allicin, propyl allyl, divinyl sulphide, diallyl sulphide, dimethyl sulphide, daucosterol, betasitosterol, fucosterol, stigmasterol, iridoides and isothiocyanates, naphthoquinones, alkaloids, saponins, flavones are all found Antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, larvicidal, anti-plasmodial, anticancer, hypocholesterolemic, and anthelmintic are some of the pharmacological activities of Mansoa alliacea⁵. The goal of this research is to identify the ingredients that contribute to the plant's varied pharmacological actions and nutritional value. The findings of this plant's pharmacological activity and nutritive value emphasise a point of view that will aid future research into its complete pharmacological potential and nutritional status. The present study focused to analyze the bioactive chemical contents in an ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry leaves.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Plant Collection and Authentication:

Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry was found at the 'Central Orchard Garden' in Pattambi, Palakkad, Kerala. The specimens gathered from the nursery were identified using standard literature and verified using legitimate voucher specimens. Botanist Dr Ranjusha A.P, Head of the Department of Botany, N.S.S College Ottapalam, Palakkad, Kerala, taxonomically recognised the plant samples. After drying for about 15 days in the shade, the plant material was powdered with a mechanical grinder and stored in an airtight container. Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry assertion number 18368 was submitted as Herbarium to the Kerala Forest Research Institute's (KFRI), Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala.

Extraction:

The dried leaves was shade dried, finely pulverised, and treated to a 5-hour soxhlet extraction using the solvent ethyl acetate. The extract was concentrated after being filtered through Whatmann No. 1 filter paper. After that, the extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis.⁶

GC -MS Analysis:

Gas chromatography is a technique for analysing gases. Shimadzu GC-MS Model number: QP2010S equipped with Column - ELITE-5MS (30 metre length, 0.25mm ID, and 0.25m thicknesses) was used to analyse ethyl acetate extract by mass spectroscopy⁷. Table No: 1 shows the details of the GC procedure, which was performed using an electron ionisation machine. The oven temperature was set at 70.000⁰C, as shown in Table No: 2. as the carrier gas, helium was used. Table No: 3 shows the GC-MS programme in detail. Table No: 4 shows the programme parameters for Mass Spectra. GCMS software is provided by GCMS Solutions, and the libraries utilised include NIST 11 and WILEY 8.

Table No: 1. GC programme (GC 2010)

GC-Parameters	Programmes
Column oven temperature	60.0̊ C
Injection temperature	260.00̊ C
Injection mode	Split
Injection Volume	1.00
Flow control mode	Linear Velocity
Pressure	57.5kPa
Total flow	24.0mL/min
Column flow	1.00mL/min
Linear velocity	36.5cm/sec
Purge flow	3.0mL/min
Split ratio	20.0
Splitter Hold	OFF

Table No: 2. Oven temperature programme

Rate	Temperature(̊c)	Hold Time(min)
-	60.0	0.00
5.00	280.0	5.00

Table No: 3. GC-MS programme (GCMS QP2010)

GC-MS Parameters	Programmes
Ion source temperature	200.00̊C
Interface temperature	280.00̊C
Solvent cut time	5.00 min
Detector gain mode	Relative
Detector gain	0.98 kV+0.20Kv
Threshold	500

Table No: 4. MS table

Mass spectroscopy Parameters	Programmes
Start time	5.10 min
End time	49.00 min
ACQ Mode	Scan
Scan	0.50 sec
Scan speed	Scan speed
Start m/z	50.00
End m/z	650.00
Sample inlet unit	GC

Identification of Compounds:

The constituents in the extract were identified by comparing their relative retention times, and the mass spectra were confirmed by comparing them to databases from the NIST 11 and Wiley 8 libraries. Table No: 5. GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry. GC-MS Chromatogram obtained was given in Fig No: 1 and the mass peaks are obtained Fig No: 2-2.5.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

A group of five compounds were found during GC-MS analysis of an ethanolic extract of Mansoa alliacea, as shown in Table V. Several organosulphur derivatives, as well as other physiologically and pharmacologically active chemicals, are included. Neophytadiene (1.89 %), Phytol (29.30 %), Phytol acetate (3.54 %), and Squalene (59.58 %) are among the chemicals discovered (5.69 %). Each of these components is involved in a variety of pharmacological and biological processes. Neophytadiene is an antibacterial chemical that can also be used to treat headaches, rheumatism, and various skin problems.⁸ It is a plant and algal metabolite that has anti-inflammatory properties.⁹ Phytol has been discovered to have a good therapeutic impact on anxiety, including antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, autophagy and apoptosis - inducing, and immunological modulating activities¹⁰. Phytol is widely used in the fragrance business, as well as cosmetics, shampoos, toilet soaps, cleaning products, and detergents.¹¹ Squalene is a triterpenes that serves as an intermediary in the production of cholesterol. Olive oil, palm oil, wheat germ oil, rice bran oil, and other oils contain it in acceptable amounts. It is the primary component of polyunsaturated lipids on the skin's surface, and it has anti-oxidant and moisturizing properties. Chemically induced skin, colon, and lung tumor genesis in rodents can be successfully inhibited by Squalene.¹² Vitamin E in the form of dl-alpha-tocopherol is used to treat and prevent vitamin deficiencies. It's utilized as a stimulant in a variety of meals, and it's also found in commercially accessible nutritional supplements. Also used as an antioxidant to treat cardiovascular disease, eye illness, diabetes, cancer, liver disease, renal disease, and peyronie's disease.¹³

Fig No.1: GC-MS chromatogram of Ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry

Table No: 5. GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry

*Peak#*	*R.Time*	*Area*	*Area%*	*Height*	*Height %*	*Name*	*Base m/z*
1	26.684	594994	1.89	223549	2.01	Neophytadiene	68.00
2	32.017	9203741	29.30	3375514	30.39	Phytol	71.05
3	33.854	1111467	3.54	426751	3.84	Phytol,acetate	68.05
4	43.285	18716731	59.58	6656569	59.93	Squalene	69.05
5	48.412	1788724	5.69	424960	3.83	dl-alpha-Tocopherol	165.00
		31415657	100.00	11107343	100.00

Fig No. 2.1: Mass peak of Neophytadiene

Fig No. 2.2: Mass peak of Phytol

Fig No.2.3: Mass peak of Phytol,acetate

Fig No. 2.4: Mass peak of Squalene

Fig No.2.5: Mass peak of dl-alpha-Tocopherol

Fig No.2: Mass Peaks

CONCLUSION:

Five chemical ingredients of Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry ethyl acetate extract were detected in this investigation. The bioactive chemicals collected were found to be potentially active and could be used to treat a variety of ailments. Nutrient-supporting constituents were also discovered. The existence of diverse phytoconstituents aids future research in determining the plant's entire medicinal potential and nutritional worth.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

We appreciate the assistance we received from the Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry at Nehru College of Pharmacy in Thiruvilwamala, Thrissur, Kerala, and the Kerala Forest Research Institute in Peechi, Kerala, in carrying out this study.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

The authors do not have any conflicts of interest.

ABBREVIATION USED:

RT: Retention Time,

NIST 11: National Institute of Standard and Technology 11,

GC-MS: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy.

REFERENCES:

1. Angelica Tasambay Salazar, Laura Scalvenzi, Andrea Stefany Piedra Lescano, Matteo Radiace. Ethnopharmacology, biological activity and chemical characterization of Mansoa alliacea. A review about a promising plant from Amazonian region. MODEC 02 International workshop of Natural Products and Agro Industrial processes in Ecuadorian Amazon Region. 2017; 10(3): 1-8. DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-03-04590.

2. Maria das Gracas Bichara Zoghbi, Jorge Oliveira, Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro Guilhon. The genus Mansoa (Bignoniaceae): a source of organo sulfur compounds. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy. 2009; 19(3): 795-804. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-695X2009000500025

3. Dr. Jyoti Markam, Dr. Lalchand, Dr. R. K. Singhand Dr. O.P. Rout. Critical review of anuktadravya “lahsun bel (mansoa alliacea). World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 8(11): 308-316. DOI: 10.20959/wjpps201911-14670

4. Devang Pandya, Vishal Patel, Tusharbindu Desai, Nirali Chaniyara, Mital Sankhavara and Vaishali Koyani. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical evaluation of aerial parts of Bignonia alliaceae. International Journal of Pharmacy and Life Sciences. 2012; 3(1):1339-1344.

5. Dr Lal. Critical Review of Anukta Dravya” Lahsun bel (Mansoa alliacea). World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 8(11): 308-316. DOI: 10.20959/wjpps201911-14670.

6. K.Gopalasatheesh Kumar. Significant role of Soxhlet extraction process in phytochemical research. Mintage Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences. 2018; 7(1):43-47.

7. Sakshi Painuli, NishantRai, Navin Kumar. GC-MS analysis of methanolic extract of leaves of Rhododendron campanulatum. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015; 7(12):299-303.

8. R.Singh, S.A.Dar and P.Sharma. Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urticadioica leaves. Research journal of medicinal plants. 2012; 6(2):123-135. DOI: 10.3923/rjmp.2012.123.135

9. National Centre for Biotechnology information. PubChem compound Summary for CID 10446, Neophytadiene. Retrieved November 15. 2021 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Neophytadiene.

10. Islam MT, Ali ES, Uddin SJ, Shaw S, Islam MA, Ahmed MI, Chandra Shill M, Karmakar UK, Yarla NS, Khan IN, Billah MM, Pieczynska MD, Zengin G, Malainer C, Nicoletti F, Gulei D, Berindan-Neagoe I, Apostolov A, Banach M, Yeung AWK, El-Demerdash A, Xiao J, Dey P, Yele S, Jóźwik A, Strzałkowska N, Marchewka J, Rengasamy KRR, Horbańczuk J, Kamal MA, Mubarak MS, Mishra SK, Shilpi JA, Atanasov AG. Phytol: A review of biomedical activities. Food ChemToxicol. 2018; 121: 82-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.08.032.

11. McGinty D, Letizia CS, Api AM. Fragrance material review on phytol. Food ChemToxicol. 2010 Jan; 48 Suppl 3:S59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.11.012.

12. Huang ZR, Lin YK, Fang JY. Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and related compounds: potential uses in cosmetic dermatology. Molecules. 2009; 14(1); 540-54. DOI: 10.3390/molecules14010540.

13. Vitamin E-Health Professional Fact sheet. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminE-Health Professional/

Received on 25.11.2021 Modified on 05.01.2022

Asian J. Pharm. Ana. 2022; 12(1):1-5.

DOI: 10.52711/2231-5675.2022.00001